Rugged Design

Brief Introduction to the Industrial Ether Network

The nature of the Industrial Ether Network is also the Ether Network, which the original intention is to add some elements to the industrial application demand on the foundation constructed on the Ether Network, or improve part of the software and hardware functions for further and proper use in the industrial applications. The following is introduction tosome special specifications in the industry-level Ether Network.

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Power Input

Power is the link with first priority. Generally, there is convenient power supply in the mechanic room end, so people do not have to worry about the power supply issue. However, under considerations on back-up and stability, double or multiple power input or UPS system are necessary, which can be classified into two parts in respect with application-- one is HV (High Voltage), and the other is LV (Low Voltage). For HV, it is generally AC 110/230V; as to LV, it is generally DC 9~60V or DC 24V frequently used by PLC/IO. As far as the convenience of acquiring power, AC power is a solution project with more convenience. If the equipment is DC, it has the advantages such as stable signals, and convenient operation of online maintenance (DC with input less than 48V is safe voltage). If there is only AC power on site, AC to DC power switch can be applied to supply power. Additionally, the special DC 100V is the specification often seen in some power applications, as listed below:

AC 110/230V	Power, transportation, industrial automation, and so on
AC 80 – 300	Power
DC 100V	Power, transportation, and so on
+/- DC 48V	Tele-communication, power, building automation, and so on.
DC 24V	Process control, terminal equipment, petroleum, industrial automation, and so on
DC 12V	Mobile system, CCTV, transportation, ships, and so on
DC 37V	Mobile system

According to customer's demand, the industrial Ether Network's equipments in respect with power supply part are characterized with easy installation and maintenance, backup design, and High MTBF. 

1. Modularized power design, dual DC, dual AC, or mixed dual AC or DC to be used in different environments and applications.
2. Hot plug design without the need to halt the equipment's operation for replacing the power module.
3. Synchronic input of dual power to ensure the operation of equipment will not be interrupted or rebooted.
4. Wider input range can avoid abnormal equipment operation or reboot caused by unstable power supply.
5. Separation of the power set and main equipment body or plug-in can raise the MTBF.
6. Insulation from Serge can avoid surges that may damage the equipment
7. Use of lightening arrester can alleviate the system damaged by thunder attacks, particularly in the outdoor applications.

Indoor Application Take factory automation as example, the Industrial Ether Network covers extremely extensive range of application, from in-plant main system (line of production) to plentiful subsystems (water, air, chemicals, and electricity). Basically, the industrial Ether Network is primarily exerted in the in-plant backbone system or for system monitoring. In addition, it can also be applied to connecting the network in the office and logistic system. The common applications and power supplies are exemplified in the following Table:

1	Automated Guided Vehicle System	DC 24V
2	Automated Storage Retrieval System	DC 24V AC 110/230V
3	Computer Integrated Manufacturing	DC 24V AC 110/230V
4	DCS(Distributed Control System)	DC 24V AC 110/220V
5	Data acquisition & Monitoring	AC 110/230V
6	Power Utility Automation	DC 48/DC100V AC 110/230V
7	Building Automation	DC 24V AC 110/230V
8	Pure Water/Water/Waste Water Treatment	DC 24V
9	CCTV Surveillance	DC 12/24V
10	Others	DC 9~60V

Outdoor ApplicationTake intellectualized transportation system as example, the industrial Ether Network covers considerably extensive range of application as well, from the TC (Traffic Control) case at the terminal's end to the regional mechanic room, and to the central mechanic room. In regard of application, it ranges from the vehicle detector, speed measuring apparatus, the wind/rain/fog detectors, to the CCTV integral monitoring at the mechanic room's end, data collection and analysis, etc. are all within the Ether Network's application range. The common applications and the power supplies are exemplified as follows: 

1	Advanced Traffic Management Services	DC 48V AC 110/230V
2	Automatic Vehicle Identification, AVI	DC 24V
3	Environment Monitoring/Data collection	DC 24V
4	Vehicle Detection	DC 24V AC 110/230V
5	Chanagable Message Sign	DC 24V
6	Emergency Management Services	DC 24V AC 110/230V
7	Electronic Payment System & Electronic Toll Collection	DC 24V AC 110/230V
8	High Speed Camera	DC 24V
9	Vulnerable Individual Protection Services	DC 24V AC 110/230V
10	Others	AC 110/230V

According to different applications, anti-water and anti-dust have different demands in indoor application. In some production lines with high humidity and dust amount like paper factory, printing factory, steel factory, etc., anti-water and anti-dust is necessary. On the other side, in some high technology factories, most mechanic rooms own air conditioning and anti-dust treatment, so it is not necessary. Besides, through some cabinets with high tolerance, anti-water and anti-dust effect can be achieved as well. Generally, the anti-water and anti-dust performance can be defined by IP level, as listed in the Table below: 

IP-XY
X =	0: No protection	Y =	0: No protection
	1: Prevent intrusion of large solids		1: Water drops dropping onto the shell without influence
	2: Prevent intrusion from solid body with medium size		2: When the outer shell slants to 15 degree, no influence appearing when water drops dropping onto the outer shell
	3: Prevent intrusion from solid body with small size		3: No influence takes place when water or rain dropping on the outer shell from 60。angle
	4: Prevent the object bigger than 1mm to intrude		4:  No harmful influence genders when the liquid spilled onto the outer shell from any directions
	5: Prevent the harmful dust to pile up		5: No harm caused over water flushing
	6; Prevent any dust to enter all-dimensionally		6: Applicable in the environment in the ship's hold
			7: Applicable to enduring soaking in water for short time (1m)
			8: Applicable to soaking in water for a long time under specific pressure

In respect to customer's demand, regarding the industrial Ether Network equipment's anti-water and anti-dust, the application orientation, easy maintenance, cost reduction are the primary concerns.

1. IP20 is the basic demand. Higher level of anti-dust will not be beneficial for the equipment's heat radiation performance.
2. For mechanic room without any air-conditioning or people, IP30 or higher is recommended. The dust in the environment may cause equipment's short circuit as well.
3. In humid indoor environment, IP65 or above is recommended, which can be applied in collaboration with the anti-humidity cabinets.
4. IP67 or above is recommended for marine or ship operation, for the anti-water efficacy is enough in this case.
5. For environment with acid or alkaline gas in air, such as seaside, chemical factory, etc., PCB Conformal Coating is recommended to effectively prevent the electric products to be corroded and destroyed.

Indoor ApplicationTake paper making factory for example, the industrial Ether Network is  utilized in connection between the equipments, electricity and water treatment monitoring of the equipments, or embedded inside of the machine. Although it is located inside the indoor environment, the temperature and humidity are relatively higher, and have greater impact on the electronic products as well, so the requirement on anti-water and anti-dust must be stricter correspondingly. The applications and the needed protection level are exemplified as follows: 

1	Boiler System	IP65
2	Printing Machine	IP67
3	RFID	IP20
4	Pure Water/Water/Waste Water Treatment	IP67
5	Environment Monitoring	IP30
6	Power Utility Automation	IP30
7	Building Automation	IP30
8	Cutting/Packaging	IP20
9	CCTV Surveillance	IP65
10	Others	IP20

 

Outdoor Application Take Sewage Disposal Work for example,the industrial Ether Network can be used in central controlled backbone network as well as connecting to the terminal equipment. As for indoor, apart from DCSDistributed Control System or the related subsystemsin the internal part, sometimes optical fiber network is required to connect the tower areas or tank areas in the outdoor environment due to larger factory area. The relative applications are exemplified in the following Table:

1	Pumping/Tank Monitoring System	IP65
2	HMI/SCADA Interface	IP20
3	Distributed Control System/Process Control	IP30
4	Pipeline/Valve System	IP65
5	Environment Monitoring	IP30
6	Power Utility Automation	IP30
7	Building Automation	IP30
8	Checking System	IP65
9	CCTV Surveillance	IP65
10	Others	IP20

 

Temperatureis a big concern for electronic products, because the products tend to crash and the efficiency may decline in high temperature, while in the low-temperature environment, it may encounter difficulty in booting the host. This is why heat radiation design plays a particularly important role for the industrial equipment. Applications in the mechanic rooms with air conditioner do not demand a lot on the temperature. Generally, room temperature with +/- 100^。C is the frequently seen specification, so the common electronic products all support around 40~45∘C. Regarding industrial applications, the range will be slightly adjusted in correspondence to different applications. In addition, temperature in different regions has different basic demand on the basic requirement. What follows is the temperature demand on some areas and applications.

Low Temperature	Area (e.g.)	Application
-10℃	Taiwan, SE, Asia, India, Au, etc.	FA
-20℃	Japan, China, EU, ME, etc, Africa	ITS, FA
-40℃	North America, North EU, etc	Oil/Gas, Power
-50℃	Russia, etc	Oil/Gas, Power, Military
High Temperature	Area (e.g.)	Application
40℃	Taiwan, Japan, North America, EU	FA
55℃	India, Au, SE。Asia	ITS, FA
75℃	ME, Africa	ITS, Power, Oil/Gas
85℃	N/A	Oil/Gas, Power, Military

In respect of customer's demand, temperature of the industrial Ether Network equipment in the application in the mechanic room plays a crucial role. In addition, it is applicability oriented, and the area, climate, and environment are influential factors as well.

1. In temperate zone, sub-zero temperature is not common, so it will be enough to set the low temperature around -10℃. As to high temperature in summer, 55℃~60℃is enough to meet the demand.
2. In the Tropics, sub-zero temperature will not occur, for it is generally warm or hot, so for considerations on outdoor application and sunburn, it will be okay to set the low temperature at 0℃ and the high temperature around 70℃~75℃.
3. In frigid zone, the high temperature does not exceed 40℃ mostly, so it requires more attention for extraordinary low temperature. In Northern Europe or Northern America, -20~-30℃is quite common for the local inhabitants.
4. In special zones like desert and Middle East, the temperature in the daytime and nighttime differs considerably, where the temperature can swing between -10℃and 55℃. In areas like Siberia, extremely low temperature around -50℃~-70℃ can even occur, which is a big challenge for both the industrial equipmentand the vendors.

 

Indoor ApplicationTake steel factory as example, the indoor environment is hot and humid, so it needs to consider more on use of equipment. Generally, there are air conditioning in the control room or mechanic room, and it is recommended that the factory equipment can support to around 60℃in more isolated environment. As to some working areas with relatively higher temperature, such as converter, blast furnace, and so on, it will better if the industrial equipment can support temperature up to 75℃.

The industrial Ether Network applications are exemplified as below:

1	Pumping/Tank Monitoring System	60℃
2	HMI/SCADA Interface	40℃
3	Distributed Control System/Process Control	60℃
4	Pipeline/Valve System	75℃
5	Environment Monitoring	75℃
6	Power Utility Automation	60℃
7	Building Automation	60℃
8	Security/Safety&Alarm System	60℃
9	Water/Waste Water System	60℃
10	Others	60℃

 

Outdoor ApplicationTake oil well monitoring as example. Generally, oil well's information is transmitted to the central control terminal via optical fiber system. However, in each oil well zone, the working environment is often considerably poor. It is often situated in the polar zone or desert. In polar zone, the temperature is low enough to freeze the pipes, while in the desert, the temperature difference between day and night or sunny and rainy days reaches more than 60 degrees, which is a big challenge for heat radiation and tolerance design. Therefore it is very important for the main systems, like injection system, power supply system, oil well monitoring, emergent shutdown system, and so on. The frequently seen applications are listed below: 

1	Well Head Monitoring	75℃
2	HMI/SCADA Interface	40℃
3	Pipeline/Valve System	75℃
4	CO2/Water Injection System	75℃
5	Environment Monitoring	65℃
6	Power Utility Automation	75℃
7	ESD Control	75℃
8	Security/Safety&Alarm System	65℃
9	Well Site CCTV Surveillance	65℃
10	Others	65℃

 

Special Certification For industrial application, it is a kind of quality guarantee and promise that each vendor commits to the industry. Generally, it involves with certification aiming at personnel safety, certification aiming at anti-fire and anti-explosion, maritime affairs certification used in maritime application, vibration certification aiming at transportation application, and so on. Basically, as far as the electronic products are concerned, CE, FCC are necessary certifications, representing that the products have basic reliability and quality warranty. To step further, safety certifications like UL60950, UL508, and so on will provide protection in a higher level for customer to use the products. The common demands on certification are listed in the following Table:

1	CE, FCC	EU Safety Certification, U.S. Federal Communication Certification
2	UL60950, UL508	Safety Certification
3	Class 1 div 1/2, ATEX Zone 1/2	Certification of Protection from Explosion
4	RoHS, WEEE	Green Product Certification
5	IEC-61850, IEEE1613 Class2	Power Transmission/Distribution Station Automation Certification
6	DNV, GL, ABS, LR, NKK,  KR, etc。。	Ship Classification/Maritime Affairs Certification
7	EN-50121, EN-50155	Railway/Anti-earthquake Certification
8	NEMA TS1/2	Transportation/Signal Certification
9	MIL-STD-1275, MIL-STD-810	Military Discipline Certification
10	Intrinsic Safety, Explosion Safety	Certification of Anti-explosion in Mineral Industry

In respect of the customer's demand, regarding special certifications involving the industrial Ether Network, it relates to applicability orientation, obedience to laws and industrial regulations, for more certifications there are, the more protection will have. The industrial Ether Network equipment vendors should take the following considerations as priority.

1. For special market and the vertical industries, research must be conducted while introducing the corresponding certifications, such as vibration regulations for transportation application and anti-explosion certification in petroleum application.

2. For optimization of the specification of the product's software and hardware to meet the demand of special applications, such as avoiding sparks, anti-salt and anti-corrosion, anti-electromagnetic.

3. Understand the market trend and regulations in different countries in the future to help promote the industrial Ether network applications.

 

Indoor ApplicationTake petroleum factory for example, sparks are enough to lead to great loss of life and property. Therefore, fire is forbidden in the factory. Regarding electronic equipment, low power consumption, fan-less designs are adopted extensively. In addition, attention must be paid to the movable articles that may gender sparks. The industrial Ether Network equipment in the petroleum factory is required to pass the anti-explosion certifications with different levels, including the European ATEX Zone 2, the U.S. Class 1 div 2, and so on. In even more dangerous regions, all-dimensional protection or Class 1 div 1 and ATEX Zone 1 are all necessary. Some applications are exemplified in the following table.

1	Pump Monitoring	Class 1 div 2, ATEX Zone 2
2	HMI/SCADA Interface	N/A
3	Pipeline/Valve System	Class 1 div 2, ATEX Zone 2
4	Boiler/Steam Providing System	Class 1 div 2, ATEX Zone 2 , DNV, ABS
5	Environment Monitoring	N/A
6	Power Utility Automation	IEC-61850, IEEE1613
7	ESD Control	Class 1 div 2, ATEX Zone 2
8	Security/Safety & Alarm System	Class 1 div 2, ATEX Zone 2
9	DCS (Distributed Control System)	N/A
10	Water/Waste Water System	DNV, GL, ABS, LR, etc.

 

Outdoor ApplicationTake ships for example. Once the ship leaves the port, all things have to be dealt with by oneself on the board, particularly electronic products. If the products break down for human error, marine safety may be in risk. In the past, there are many infamous ship wrecks like Titanic, so it is strict to regulate relative ship certification, ship check organization, and maritime regulations in order to avoid similar accidents from recurring. The industrial Ether Network applications are exemplified as below:

1	Value/Pump Monitoring	DNV, ABS, Class 1 div 2, ATEX Zone 2
2	HMI/SCADA Interface	DNV, ABS
3	Positioning System	DNV, ABS
4	Boiler/Steam Providing System	DNV, ABS, Class 1 div 2, ATEX Zone 2
5	Mechanical Monitoring	DNV, ABS, Class 1 div 2, ATEX Zone 2
6	Power Utility Automation	DNV, ABS, IEC-61850, IEEE1613
7	Radar/Communication System	DNV, ABS
8	Security/Safety & Alarm System	DNV, ABS, Class 1 div 2, ATEX Zone 2
9	Combat System	DNV, ABS
10	Navigation System	DNV, ABS

 

Special SpecificationGenerally speaking, it involves with specifications with less contact, and the demand is not limited to industry-leveled specifications, like those with martial or even aircraft specifications. Such specifications are not used in the common industrial applications, but industrial regulations tend to be converted or extended to more extensive applications, and are discussed frequently.

1	Magnetic Influence (Gauss)
2	High Altitude (Low Air Pressure)
3	G1、G2、G3

 

In case of such types of special certifications, it demands special testing equipment or mechanics to conduct tests and proceed certifications.

 

What ISON do for you?

1. ISON Industrial Networking products support wide-range 12~58 VDC input with surge protection design. It provides our customer stable & installation friendly solution.

2. With various kind of PoE/PoE+ unmanaged and managed switches, we can provide our customer all kind of choose on ports, functions for PoE applications.

 

EMI/EMS Requirement for Industrial Ethernet Solution

IEC 61000-4-5: Surge Immunity Test

IEC 61000-4-5:2005 relates to the immunity requirements, test methods, and range of recommended test levels for equipment to unidirectional surges caused by overvoltage’s from switching and lightning transients. Several test levels are defined which relate to different environment and installation conditions. These requirements are developed for and are applicable to electrical and electronic equipment. The object of this standard is to establish a common reference for evaluating the immunity of electrical and electronic equipment when subjected to surges. The test method documented in this part of IEC 61000 describes a consistent method to assess the immunity of an equipment or system against a defined phenomenon. This standard defines: ISON Technology tested our product by high level surge immunity test, even up to 2KV on the RJ45 ports, in order to prevent unexpected surge at the harsh environment.

Hipot Test

Hipot Test is short name of high potential (high voltage) Test and it is also known as Dielectric Withstand Test. A hipot test checks for “good isolation.” Hipot test makes surety of no current will flow from one point to another point. Hipot test is the opposite of a continuity test. Continuity Test checks surety of current flows easily from one point to another point while Hipot Test checks surety of current would not flow from one point to another point (and turn up the voltage really high just to make sure no current will flow). Importance of HIPOT Testing. The hipot test is a nondestructive test that determines the adequacy of electrical insulation for the normally occurring over voltage transient. This is a high-voltage test that is applied to all devices for a specific time in order to ensure that the insulation is not marginal. ISON Technology done the Hipot test by high standard, even up to 1.5KV between ports.

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Wide-Temperature, Fan less design, IP30

ISON technology designs the product based on Fan less concept to prevent potential damage of fan and maintenance issue. Also, with excellent heat dissipation design, follows worldwide industrial application standard, ISON’s product can be used in -40~75ﾟC environment. Fan-less design also good for MTBF, and MTTR about the system. After installation, users can ease lot of maintain issue and service cost.